Recognizing Early Signs of Substance Misuse in Adolescents

OSUS encourages early conversations to help families support healthier choices

Adolescence is an important time, when young people begin forming attitudes, behaviors and beliefs around substance use, often earlier than many adults realize. The South Carolina Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Disabilities’ Office of Substance Use Services (OSUS) is encouraging parents, caregivers and educators to recognize early warning signs of substance misuse and start conversations before concerns become more serious.

“Behavioral changes are often the first indicators that something may be wrong,” said Sara Goldsby, director of OSUS. “Shifts in mood, friend groups, school performance or daily routines can signal stress or risk even before substance use begins.”

OSUS emphasizes that early awareness allows adults to respond with support rather than discipline. Changes such as withdrawal from family, sudden secrecy, declining grades or increased irritability can be signs that a young person is struggling. Addressing these changes early can help adolescents feel heard and supported while reducing the likelihood of risky behaviors in the future.

“Early conversations can prevent small concerns from becoming bigger problems,” Goldsby said. “The goal is not to accuse or assume but to listen, ask questions and keep the door open for honest communication.”

OSUS encourages adults to approach these conversations calmly and without judgment. Asking open-ended questions, listening without interrupting and focusing on understanding rather than punishment can help adolescents feel safe sharing what they are experiencing. Checking in regularly and keeping communication ongoing, rather than waiting for a crisis, can strengthen trust and make it easier to address concerns early.

Resources and conversation tools for families and educators are available through Open Conversation SC at openconversationsc.com. For more information about statewide addiction services and resources, visit daodas.sc.gov.